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SCENAR history

1972

IDEA
In the early 1970-s, new methods of treatment started filtering through to the Soviet Union. These mainly were methods of ancient oriental medicine — reflexotherapy (needle reflexotherapy, acupuncture), which was then known as zhen-jui method.
Reflexotherapy (as you can see from the term) is a part of the treatment concept based on the principle of reflex — the most universal mechanism of nervous activity.
One of the main reasons why this method of treatment became so poplar was that it allowed treating diseases without medications or significantly reducing the use of medications.
Another important thing here is that with professional treatment there are no side-effects, while most medications cause them.
Such approach is only successful when applied by professional acupuncturists, but even in this case it does not guarantee 100% result. Self-treatment is, of course, out of the question.
Using reflex mechanisms for self-treatment is a very good idea. And it can be used for treatment of nearly all diseases. As any irritation is transmitted in our body in the form of nerve (electrical) impulses, it should be possible to make a universal “electrical” pill, why not? That is what Alexander Karasev was thinking about in 1972.

1973

Magneto
The first device consisted of an engine (taken out of a children’s toy) with contact breaker. The engine broke the contacts, which were connected to the transformer with battery (like magneto in a tractor). The transformer was connected to the electrodes. Impulses, which were generated by contact break (self-induction) were close to the nerve impulses. When the electrodes were placed on the skin in the area of pain sensations you could achieve pain-relief effect. This device was the ancestor of all TENS devices (devices for pain-relief).ith time, the toy engine was replaced with generator, the contacts were replaced with electronic switch, and the transformer was left as it was. This is how a TENS was born. And all TENS devices are still made on the same principle.

1976

ENS-01

The first model for practical use.
Casing was made of ABS plastic sheet, glued with dichloroethane and decorated with leatherette.
Two slide controls — “energy” and “frequency”.
Electrode was round-shaped, coaxial. Detachable!!!
Indication: one LED displaying action energy level.
Power supply: built-in accumulators.

1981 г.    

ENS-02. First modification.

Casing: painted plastic, faceplate — sandblasted aluminium (the same idea is now implemented in products of Apple Inc.).
Multistep control of the action energy with “up” and “down” buttons.
Indication: one LED displaying action energy level.
Frequency was set with binary code (1, 2, 4, 8). “Depth” change switch.
Electrode was cylindrical, coaxial, detachable. The device had socket enabling connection of remote electrode.
Power supply: built-in accumulators.

1982

ENS-02. Second modification.
  Casing was made of ebonite.
Electrode was coaxial, square (or better say, rectangular shape), non-detachable.
All the rest remained the same as in the first modification.

1983

ENS-03
  The most successful model of all times and generations.
Casing was made of ebonite and assembled without a single screw. Faceplate — sandblasted aluminium.
Electrode: coaxial, rectangular shape (the rectangle had such good proportion of the sides that is still copied in all devices). This device had one more type of electrodes — “paravertebral” — in the form of two plates made of stainless steel. At the same time they served as locks of the casing. Socket for remote electrode became smaller.
Energy regulation: slide control, with “up” and “down” buttons. Two LEDs indicated energy and frequency. The frequency was set with digital binary code (like in ENS-02). Four different levels of “depth”. Time of stimulation and pause interval are also set with binary code, similarly to frequency.
Power supply: silver-zinc galvanic cells from military satellite-born systems. They could supply power to the device during 10 years of home use.
The most unique thing about this device is that it was assembled with three small-scale integration circuits — three inverters in one chip. And 96 diodes!

1985

SCENAR-033
   The first device named SCENAR. It was developed for serial production at the “Priboy” factory (Taganrog). The casing was milled out of one solid piece of Plexiglas. The casing was 0.7—1.5mm thick and bent in the region of the electrode to make it more convenient to use. This was full imitation of molded plastic. In fact, this casing was much better than the real plastic one which would be made later.
Electrode: coaxial, rectangular, with little “bumps” on the surface to provide better contact of the electrode with skin on the hairy areas.
Digital multistep control of energy with “up” and “down” buttons. This device had only two frequencies of action which could be selected with the buttons. Two LEDs indicated energy level and frequency.
New switch — switched on pauses to make expert evaluation.
Power supply: built-in accumulator was charged from solar batteries which were developed specially for this device — one silicon wafer produced 15V instead of usual 0.4V!

1986

Author’s certificate
   Author’s certificate for “Method and apparatus for transcutaneous electrostimulation”

1987    

SCENAR-032

In this modification we took into account all “advantages” of soviet manufacturing (one should not make bent casings, very dense mounting, little “bumps” on the electrodes and electrodes of such complicated shape and many other “should not’s”).
Casing was made of ABS plastic with straight section line between the upper and lower parts of the casing.
Electrodes were reduced to three metal strips (“three pathways”).
Buttons relocated from the side to the top of the casing. All the rest operating controls remained the same.
Power supply: replaceable accumulator which could be charged from both solar battery and charging unit.

1988

Т4-01 “Lhotse”

 Back in Krasnodar times Alexander Karasev started mountain climbing (the Caucasus was nearby). He could not pass over his fellow climbers. Frostbites, hypoxia, ultraviolet burns or any disease in the mountains can be a catastrophe. Specially for them, he made one and only device — SCENAR T4-01 “Lhotse” powered by solar battery. This is the first device which was taken to the mountains and was used during expedition to Lhotse (Nepal). Even the casing was made by Alexander Karasev himself on the milling machine.
Casing was milled out of one solid piece of vinyl plastic and sealed up.
This device had only remote electrode.
Energy regulation: digital, multistep, with “up” and “down” buttons. Button for switching the “depth”, button for switching the frequency.
Three LEDs displayed energy, frequency, and battery charging status. Plus LCD indicator — it showed energy and expert evaluation.
Power supply: built-in accumulator charging from the solar battery.

1989

SCENAR Т4-02
   The casing was milled out of one solid piece of aluminium. It was so robust that could be used as defence against racketeering, in case of need.
All the rest was the same as in T4-01 .
This device was specially designed for use at medical cooperative institutions.

1990

Research Laboratory “LET Medical”

A. A. Karasev founded Research Laboratory of Medical Electronics “LET Medical”.
SCENAR 035
   This is a modification of the 032 , which was made specially for serial production at “ARKAIM” enterprise (Essentuki).
Solar batteries were removed, power supply became exchangeable – one galvanic cell, size AA.
Absolutely all devices of this series were tuned by Alexander Karasev personally… as well as all other devices produced up to now.
 

1992 г.

SCENAR DS513. Professional model
   Casing was made of carbon-filled plastic.
To improve the action, output stages were placed in the remote electrode. This is the first device which was built completely with digital components — over 100 microcircuits of SSI and MSI level.
Digital LCD display, multistep regulation of energy and frequency. Mulstistep control of the action “depth” was implemented for the first time in this device. Remote electrode had two output stages. Two paravertebral electrodes in the form of two plates on the under side of the casing of the remote electrode, like in ENS-03 . Appearance of the device was designed by Alexander Karasev, he modeled it within 2 hours.
In modification 513М we made first attempts to implement different types of action: S1 (SCENAR) and S2 (which will become COSMODIC later).
Power supply: built-in accumulators and built-in all-mains charger.

1993

Registration Certificate

 “SCENAR” series devices are approved for practical application by the Health Ministry of the Russian Federation.
Registration Certificate 29-199/40-5 of August 23, 1993.
   
SCENAR DS532М

First device for personal use.
Casing was the same as in the remote electrode of the 513.
This device was built completely with digital components, which were mounted very densely on the circuit board.
Only energy level and frequency could be regulated.
Power supply: built-in accumulator, built-in charger, charging from power adapter.

1994   

SCENAR D-VX611
   Casing: ABS plastic, “Teko” company (Italy).
The device is built on two LSI’s made by “Intel”. One LSI was responsible for action, the other — for expert evaluation.
Indication: LEDs displayed energy level, action mode, and expert evaluation. Two action modes — continuous and intermittent.
Power supply: replaceable galvanic cells or accumulators, size AA.
SCENAR D-VX612

 This is a modification of the 611, but now it is built with one LSI (again “Intel”) of larger capacity. This provided the device with its famous “indestructibility” and robustness.
The socket for connection of remote electrodes which was implemented in this device became a standard for all other manufacturers.
SCENAR D-VX613

 This is neither modification of the 611 or the 612, though casing is the same.
Two output stages with automatic switch-over.
Two-line character LCD-display showed all operating modes and expert evaluation. This is the first device where expert evaluation was displayed on LCD indicator.
Power supply: built-in rechargeable accumulator (recharged automatically from the replaceable accumulators and mostly served as backup battery, i. e. the device would work even if the replaceable accumulators were down or taken out). Basic accumulators were replaceable — two galvanic cells or rechargeable batteries, size AA.
SCENAR D-PS603
   The first casing from OKW company, ABS plastic.
This is the smallest device ever produced before. No one had ever made a device smaller than this. It is a smaller copy of the 612. The same LSI but in a smaller size casing.
Power supply was special: galvanic cells of size N.

1996

SCENAR    

 This SCENAR was designed specially for treatment of leprosy. It consisted of two devices, both the 612 , and a special processor which enabled their joint operation.
Casing: shockproof plastic.
It had only remote electrodes.
Power supply: two sets of high-power elements — 4 accumulators for each device and built-in charger.

1998

SCENAR VX735

 Casing OKW, “Smart” series.
This is the longest-developed device. Its modification required 7 years. And 7 versions.
Electrodes: new — made of Zepter stainless steel.
This device has pseudographic LCD-display.
NEW:

    * automatic “depth” and COSMODIC action mode
    * touch switch-on
    * three-level expert evaluation and action dosing (doctors called it “little turtle” — when it crawls to the edge of the indicator the dose is completed)
    * EPLD’s are combined with microcontrollers. EPLD allowed quick spectral processing of the biofeedback signals and microcontroller provided displaying and control of the device.
Power supply: became standard for devices of “LET medical” — 2 galvanic cells or rechargeable batteries, size AA.

1999    

SCENAR PS713
   More compact casing, OKW, “Smart” series.
Front-end mounted electrode, made of Zepter stainless steel.
The device is built on one EPLD.
LED indication.
Power supply: 2 galvanic cells or rechargeable batteries, size AAА.
SCENAR PS703

 The 603 series continued in this device, in the same casing. From the 603 it inherited the casing, and all the rest was taken from the 713.
Unusual electrodes: two types of coaxial electrodes — small electrode at the front end of the device and bigger electrode on the underside.
Power supply: the same as in the 603.

2002

COSMODIC technology

Technology of medication-free regeneration and recovery.
   
SCENAR VX735Ag

 Professional device which is implementing combined technology of treatment SCENAR-COSMODIC.
Continued modification of the 735 series. This device had electrodes made of pure silver, in the form of “sleigh runners”, which later would become detachable. All output characteristics were changed and COSMODIC technology was improved. All the rest remained as in the previous 735.
SCENAR PS705

Analog of the 713 but in the “Pocket” series casing, OKW.
Electrodes are unusual — in the form of three bent plates, looking like sleigh runners. Again made of Zepter stainless steel. The front-end part of the electrodes allowed working on small areas and the part of the electrodes placed on the underside of the casing allowed to lie on them during prolonged treatment. Flat casing was used specially for that.
Power supply: 2 galvanic cells or rechargeable batteries, size AA.